Spotlight

Research by CARMEN (Center for Automated Vehicles Research with Multimodal AssurEd Navigation) to Reduce GPS Vulnerabilities

October 2021: An article on Forbes titled “New Ohio State Research Reduces GPS Vulnerabilities” goes into some detail about research being conducted to reduce GPS vulnerabilities. CARMEN, the Center for Automated Vehicles Research with Multimodal Assured Navigation, directed by Professor Zak Kassas, and including Professors Todd Humphreys and Chandra Bhatt from The University of Texas at Austin, is focusing on reducing GPS vulnerabilities. With emergency workers, shipping boats, aircraft and even our power production relying on GPS for positioning and timing it is no surprise there is a massive interest in reducing its vulnerability to jamming and spoofing. Ideas such as using 5G or LEO satellite signals for navigation have been successfully explored from Dr. Kassas’s team. Dr. Humphreys’s team is examining risk identification and signal authentication using terrestrial signals. To read more see the article here.

publications.csv

[[“Title”,”Authors”,”Type”,”Year”],[“ Ziv-Zakai-Optimal OFDM Resource Allocation for Time-of-Arrival Estimation \n”,”A. M. Graff, T.E. Humphreys”,”Journal Paper”,”Under Review”],[“ Demonstration of Single-Satellite GNSS Spoofer\nGeolocation“,”Z. Clements, I. Goodridge, P. Ellis, M. Murrian, T.E. Humphreys”,”Conference Paper”,”2024″],[“ Trusted Inertial Terrain-Aided Navigation\n(TITAN)\n“,”T. Haydon, T.E. Humphreys”,”Conference Paper”,”2023″],[“ An Agile, Portable Antenna System for LEO\nMegaconstellation-Based PNT“,”W. Qin, Z. M. Komodromos, T.E. Humphreys”,”Conference Paper”,”2023″],[“ Signal Simulator for Starlink Ku-Band Downlink“,”Z. M. Komodromos, W. Qin, T.E. Humphreys”,”Conference Paper”,”2023″],[“ Purposeful Co-Design of OFDM Signals for Ranging and Communications“,”A. M. Graff, T.E. Humphreys”,”Journal Paper”,”2024″],[“ Signal Identification and Entrainment for Practical\nFMCW Radar Spoofing Attacks“,”A. M. Graff, T.E. Humphreys”,”Conference Paper”,”2023″],[“ Dual-Satellite Geolocation of Terrestrial GNSS Jammers from Low Earth Orbit“,”Z. Clements, T.E. Humphreys, P. Ellis”,”Conference Paper”,”2023″],[“Robust Absolute Headset Tracking for\nExtended Reality \n”,”R. M. Tenny, L. C. Sun, A. Duru, T.E. Humphreys”,”Conference Paper”,”2023″],[“Signal Structure of the Starlink Ku-Band Downlink \n”,”T.E. Humphreys, P. A. Iannucci, Z. M. Komodromos, A. M. Graff”,”Journal Paper”,”2023″],[“Quasi-Nash Optimal Algorithm for Reach and\nAvoid Differential Game \n”,”Z. M. Komodromos, N.G. Montalbano, T.E. Humphreys”,”White Paper”,”2022″],[“Robust Navigation for Urban Air Mobility via Tight\nCoupling of GNSS with Terrestrial Radionavigation and\nInertial Sensing“,”R. Tenny, T.E. Humphreys”,”Conference Paper”,”2022″],[“Software-Defined GNSS is Ready for Launch\n\n”,”H. Nichols, M.J. Murrian, T.E. Humphreys”,”Conference Paper”,”2022″],[“Geolocation of Terrestrial GNSS Spoofing Signals from\nLow Earth Orbit“,”Z. Clements, P. Ellis, M.L. Psiaki, T.E. Humphreys”,”Conference Paper”,”2022″],[“Fused Low-Earth-Orbit GNSS\n“,”P.A. Iannucci, T.E. Humphreys”,”Journal Paper”,”2022″],[“Carrier-phase and IMU based GNSS Spoofing Detection\nfor Ground Vehicles“,”Z. Clements, J.E. Yoder, T.E. Humphreys”,”Conference Paper”,”2022″],[“Low-Cost Inertial Aiding for Deep-Urban\nTightly-Coupled Multi-Antenna Precise GNSS“,”J.E. Yoder, T.E. Humphreys\n”,”Journal Paper”,”2023″],[“Analysis of OFDM Signals for Ranging and Communications“,”A.M. Graff, W.N. Blount, P.A. Iannucci, J.G. Andrews, T.E. Humphreys”,”Conference Paper”,”2021″],[“Optimized Bit-Packing for Bit-Wise Software-Defined GNSS Radio“,”Z. Clements, P.A. Iannucci, T.E. Humphreys”,”Conference Paper”,”2021″],[“Orbital War Driving: Assessing Transient GPS Interference from LEO“,”D.M. LaChapelle, L. Narula, T.E. Humphreys”,”Conference Paper”,”2021″],[“Autonomous Signal-Situational-Awareness in a Terrestrial Radionavigation System“,”R.X.T. Kor, P.A. Iannucci, T.E. Humphreys”,”Conference Paper”,”2021″],[“Long Range, Low SWaP-C FMCW Radar“,”W.A. Lies, L. Narula, P.A. Iannucci, T.E. Humphreys”,”Journal Paper”,”2021″],[“First results from three years of GNSS Interference Monitoring from Low Earth Orbit“,”M.J. Murrian, L. Narula, P.A. Iannucci, S. Budzien, B.W. O’Hanlon, M.L. Psiaki, T.E. Humphreys”,”Journal Paper”,”2021″],[“Towards All-Weather sub-50-cm Radar-Inertial Positioning“,”L. Narula, P.A. Iannucci, T.E. Humphreys”,”Journal Paper”,”2021″],[“Multi-Antenna Vision-and-Inertial-Aided CDGNSS for Micro Aerial Vehicle Pose Estimation“,”J.E. Yoder, P.A. Iannucci, L. Narula, T.E. Humphreys”,”Conference Paper”,”2020″],[“Open-World Virtual Reality Headset Tracking“,”T.E. Humphreys, R.X.T. Kor, P.A. Iannucci, J.E. Yoder”,”Conference Paper”,”2020″],[“A Proposal for Securing Terrestrial Radio-Navigation Systems“,”R.X.T. Kor, P.A. Iannucci, L. Narula, T.E. Humphreys”,”Conference Paper”,”2020″],[“Cross-Modal Localization: Using Automotive Radar for Absolute Geolocation within a Map Produced with Visible-Light Imagery“,”P.A. Iannucci, L. Narula, T.E. Humphreys”,”Conference Paper”,”2020″],[“Economical Fused LEO GNSS“,”P.A. Iannucci, T.E. Humphreys”,”Conference Paper”,”2020″],[“Intercepting Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Swarms with Neural-Network-Aided Game-Theoretic Target Assignment“,”N.G. Montalbano, T.E. Humphreys”,”Conference Paper”,”2020″],[“Low SWaP-C Radar for Urban Air Mobility“,”W.A. Lies, L. Narula, P.A. Iannucci, T.E. Humphreys”,”Conference Paper”,”2020″],[“Automotive-Radar-Based 50-cm Urban Positioning“,”L. Narula, P.A. Iannucci, T.E. Humphreys”,”Conference Paper”,”2020″],[“TEX-CUP: The University of Texas Challenge for Urban Positioning“,”L. Narula, D.M. LaChapelle, M.J. Murrian, J.M. Wooten, T.E. Humphreys, E. de Toldi, G. Morvant, J-B Lacambre”,”Conference Paper”,”2020″],[“Automotive Collision Risk Estimation Under Cooperative Sensing“,”D.M. LaChapelle, T.E. Humphreys, L. Narula, P.A. Iannucci, E. Moradi-Pari”,”Conference Paper”,”2020″],[“Deep-Urban Unaided Precise Global Navigation Satellite System Vehicle Positioning“,”T.E. Humphreys, L. Narula, M.J. Murrian”,”Journal Paper”,”2020″],[“Accuracy Limits for Globally-Referenced Digital Mapping Using Standard GNSS“,”L. Narula, M.J. Murrian, T.E. Humphreys”,”Conference Paper”,”2018″],[“Accurate Collaborative Globally-Referenced Digital Mapping with Standard GNSS“,”L. Narula, J.M. Wooten, M.J. Murrian, D.M. LaChapelle, T.E. Humphreys”,”Journal Paper”,”2018″],[“A Comparison of Methods for Online Lever Arm Estimation in GPS/INS Integration“,”N. Montalbano, T.E. Humphreys”,”Conference Paper”,”2018″],[“Exploiting a Prior 3D Map for Object Recognition“,”S. Kaki, T.E. Humphreys, M. Akella”,”Undergraduate Honors Thesis”,”2018″],[“Position Domain Integrity Analysis for Generalized Integer Aperture Bootstrapping“,”G.N. Green, T.E. Humphreys”,”Journal Paper”,”2018″],[“Data-Driven Generalized Integer Aperture Bootstrapping for High-Integrity Positioning“,”G.N. Green, T.E. Humphreys”,”Journal Paper”,”2018″],[“Low-cost Precise Vehicular Positioning in Urban Environments“,”T.E. Humphreys, M.J. Murrian, L. Narula”,”Conference Paper”,”2018″],[“Advanced Techniques for Safety-of-Life Carrier Phase Differential GNSS Positioning with Applications to Triplex Architectures“,”G.N. Green”,”Ph.D. Dissertation”,”2017″],[“Requirements for Secure Clock Synchronization“,”L. Narula, T.E. Humphreys”,”Journal Paper”,”2018″],[“Assured Navigation and Timing“,”T. E. Humphreys”,”Presentation”,”2017″],[“Robust Precise Location“,”T. E. Humphreys”,”Presentation”,”2017″],[“Counter UAV Challenges“,”T. E. Humphreys”,”Presentation”,”2017″],[“Exploiting antenna motion for faster initialization of centimeter-accurate GNSS positioning with low-cost antennas“,”K. M. Pesyna, Jr., T. Novlan, C. Zhang, R. W. Heath, Jr., and T. E. Humphreys”,”Journal Paper”,”2017″],[“GNSS Signal Authentication via Power and Distortion Monitoring“,”K. D. Wesson, J. Gross, T. E. Humphreys, and B. L. Evans”,”Journal Paper”,”2017″],[“Low-cost Precise Urban Positioning“,”T.E. Humphreys”,”Presentation”,”2016″],[“Secure Perception in Connected Vehicles“,”T.E. Humphreys, L. Narula”,”Poster”,”2016″],[“Dense RTK: Mass-Market Positioning for Automated Vehicles“,”T.E. Humphreys”,”Presentation”,”2016″],[“Low-cost Precise Positioning for Automated Vehicles“,”M.J. Murrian, C.W. Gonzalez, T.E. Humphreys, K.M. Pesyna, Jr, D.P. Shepard, A.J. Kerns”,”Trade Magazine Article”,”2016″],[“Attackers can spoof navigation signals without our knowledge. Here’s how to fight back GPS lies“,”T.E. Humphreys, M.L. Psiaki, B. Stauffer”,”Magazine Article”,”2016″],[“Data-Driven Generalized Integer Aperture Bootstrapping for Real-Time High Integrity Applications“,”G.N. Green, M. King, T.E. Humphreys”,”Conference Paper”,”2016″],[“Requirements for Secure Wireless Time Transfer“,”L. Narula, T.E. Humphreys”,”Conference Paper”,”2016″],[“On the Feasibility of cm-Accurate Positioning via a Smartphone\u0092s Antenna and GNSS Chip“,”T.E. Humphreys, M.J. Murrian, F. van Diggelen, S. Podshivalov, K.M. Pesyna”,”Conference Paper”,”2016″],[“A Dense Reference Network for Mass-Market Centimeter-Accurate Positioning“,”M.J. Murrian, C.W. Gonzalez, T.E. Humphreys”,”Conference Paper”,”2016″],[“GNSS Spoofing and Detection“,”M.L. Psiaki, T.E. Humphreys”,”Journal Paper”,”2016″],[“Sensor Deception Detection and Radio-Frequency Emitter Localization“,”J.A. Bhatti”,”Ph.D. Dissertation”,”2015″],[“Advanced Techniques for Centimeter-Accurate GNSS Positioning on Low-Cost Mobile Platforms“,”K.M. Pesyna”,”Ph.D. Dissertation”,”2015″],[“Fault Free Integrity of Mid-Level Voting for Triplex Differential GPS Solutions“,”G.N. Green, M. King, T.E. Humphreys”,”Conference Paper”,”2015″],[“Toughening Techniques for GPS Receivers: Navigation Message Authentication“,”T.E. Humphreys”,”Presentation”,”2015″],[“Statement on the Security Threat Posed by Unmanned Aerial Systems and Posssible Countermeasures“,”T.E. Humphreys”,”Testimony”,”2015″],[“Accuracy in the Palm of Your Hand“,”K.M. Pesyna, R.W. Heath, T.E. Humphreys”,”Trade Magazine Article”,”2015″],[“Development of a Micro-Mobility Analysis System Using Precise GPS Traces“,”S. Mukherji”,”Undergraduate Honors Thesis”,”2014″],[“GNSS Security“,”T. Humphreys”,”Presentation”,”2014″],[“Centimeter Positioning with a Smartphone-Quality GNSS Antenna“,”K.M. Pesyna, R.W. Heath, T.E. Humphreys”,”Conference Paper”,”2014″],[“Adaptive Estimation of Signals of Opportunity“,”Z.M. Kassas, V. Ghadiok, T.E. Humphreys”,”Conference Paper”,”2014″],[“GNSS Vulnerabilities and Threats“,”T. Humphreys”,”Presentation”,”2014″],[“GNSS Spoofing Detection using Two-Antenna Differential Carrier Phase“,”M.L. Psiaki, B.W. O’Hanlon, S.P. Powell, J.A. Bhatti, K.D. Wesson, T.E. Humphreys, A. Schofield”,”Conference Paper”,”2014″],[“A Testbed for Developing and Evaluating GNSS Authentication Techniques“,”T.E. Humphreys, J.A. Bhatti, D.P. Shepard, and K.D. Wesson”,”Conference Paper”,”2014″],[“Secure Navigation and Timing Without Local Storage of Secret Keys“,”K. Wesson”,”Ph.D. Dissertation”,”2014″],[“Ionospheric irregularities during a substorm event: Observations of ULF pulsations and GPS scintillations“,”H. Kim, C.R. Clauer, K. Deshpande, M.R. Lessard, A.T. Weatherwax, G.S. Bust, G. Crowley, T.E. Humphreys”,”Journal Paper”,”2014″],[“High-Precision Globally-Referenced Position and Attitude via a Fusion of Visual SLAM, Carrier-Phase-Based GPS, and Inertial Measurements“,”D.P. Shepard\u00a0and T.E. Humphreys”,”Conference Paper”,”2014″],[“Analysis and Synthesis of Collaborative Opportunistic Navigation Systems“,”Z.M. Kassas”,”Ph.D. Dissertation”,”2014″],[“Demonstration of a Space Capable Miniature Dual Frequency GNSS Receiver“,”E.G. Lightsey, T.E. Humphreys, J.A. Bhatti, A.J. Joplin, B.W. O\u0092Hanlon, and S.P. Powell”,”Journal Paper”,”2014″],[“Secure Perception for Autonomous Systems“,”T. Humphreys”,”Presentation”,”2014″],[“A Blueprint for Civil GPS Navigation Message Authentication“,”A.J. Kerns, K.D. Wesson, and T.E. Humphreys”,”Conference Paper”,”2014″],[“A Phase-Reconstruction Technique for Low-Power Centimeter-Accurate Mobile Positioning“,”K.M. Pesyna Jr., Z.M. Kassas, R.W. Heath Jr., T.E. Humphreys”,”Journal Paper”,”2014″],[“Unmanned Aircraft Capture and Control via GPS Spoofing“,”A.J. Kerns, D.P. Shepard, J.A. Bhatti, T.E. Humphreys”,”Journal Paper”,”2014″],[“Autonomous Adaptive Low-Power Instrument Platform (AAL-PIP) for remote high latitude geospace data collection“,”C.R. Clauer, H. Kim, K. Deshpande, Z. Xu, D. Weimer, S. Musko, G. Crowley, C. Fish, R. Nealy, T.E. Humphreys, J.A. Bhatti, A.J. Ridley”,”Journal Paper”,”2014″],[“Receding Horizon Trajectory Optimization in Opportunistic Navigation Environments“,”Z.M. Kassas and T.E. Humphreys”,”Journal Paper”,”2015″],[“Greedy Motion Planning for Simultaneous Signal Landscape Mapping and Receiver Localization“,”Z.M. Kassas, A. Arapostathis,\u00a0and T.E. Humphreys”,”Journal Paper”,”2015″],[“Hostile Control of Ships via False GPS Signals: Demonstration and Detection“,”J.A. Bhatti and T.E. Humphreys”,”Journal Paper”,”2017″],[“Unhackable Drones: The Challenges of Securely Integrating Unmanned Aircraft into the National Airspace“,”K. Wesson and T. Humphreys”,”Magazine Article”,”2013″],[“Real-Time GPS Spoofing Detection via Correlation of Encrypted Signals“,”B.W. O’Hanlon, M.L. Psiaki, J.A. Bhatti, D.P. Shepard, T.E. Humphreys”,”Journal Paper”,”2013″],[“Secure PNT for Autonomous Systems“,”T. Humphreys”,”Presentation”,”2013″],[“Precision Limits of Low-Energy GNSS Receivers“,”K.M. Pesyna, R.W. Heath, and T.E. Humphreys”,”Conference Paper”,”2013″],[“Cost Analysis of Square Root Information Filtering and Smooting with Mixed Real-Integer State“,”K. Pesyna Jr and T. Humphreys”,”White Paper”,”2013″],[“Achieving the Cramer-Rao Lower Bound in GPS Time-of-Arrival Estimation: A Frequency Domain Weighted Least-Squares Estimator Approach“,”K. Pesyna, T. Humphreys”,”White Paper”,”2013″],[“Receding Horizon Trajectory Optimization for Simultaneous Signal Landscape Mapping and Receiver Localization“,”Z. Kassas, J. Bhatti, and T. Humphreys”,”Conference Paper”,”2013″],[“Observability Analysis of Collaborative Opportunistic Navigation with Pseudorange Measurements“,”Z.M. Kassas and T.E. Humphreys”,”Journal Paper”,”2013″],[“The Price of Anarchy in Active Signal Landscape Map Building“,”Z. Kassas, T. Humphreys”,”Conference Paper”,”2013″],[“A Graphical Approach to GPS Software-Defined Receiver Implementation“,”Z. Kassas, J. Bhatti, T. Humphreys”,”Conference Paper”,”2013″],[“A Combined Symmetric Difference and Power Monitoring GNSS Anti-Spoofing Technique“,”K. Wesson, B. L. Evans, and T. Humphreys”,”Conference Paper”,”2013″],[“A Probabilistic Framework for Global Navigation Satellite System Signal Timing Assurance“,”K.D. Wesson, B.L. Evans, and T.E. Humphreys”,”Conference Paper”,”2013″],[“GPS Spoofing & Implications for Telecom“,”K. Wesson”,”Presentation”,”2013″],[“GPS Software-Defined Receiver and Radio Frequency Signal Landscape Simulator“,”Z. Kassas”,”Presentation”,”2013″],[“Highlight: Collaborative Opportunistic Navigation“,”Z.M. Kassas”,”Magazine Article”,”2013″],[“Motion Planning for Optimal Information Gathering in Opportunistic Navigation Systems“,”Z. Kassas and T. Humphreys”,”Conference Paper”,”2013″],[“GPS Spoofing Detection via Dual-Receiver Correlation of Military Signals“,”Psiaki, M.L., B.W. O’Hanlon, J.A. Bhatti, D.P. Shepard, and T.E. Humphreys”,”Journal Paper”,”2013″],[“Fusion of Carrier-Phase Differential GPS, Bundle-Adjustment-Based Visual SLAM, and Inertial Navigation for Precisely and Globally-Registered Augmented Reality“,”D. Shepard”,”Masters Thesis”,”2013″],[“GPS Vulnerabilities and Implications for Telecom“,”T. Humphreys”,”Presentation”,”2013″],[“Detection Strategy for Cryptographic GNSS Anti-Spoofing“,”Humphreys, T.E.”,”Journal Paper”,”2013″],[“GAIN: Collaborative Opportunistic Navigation“,”Z. Kassas, T. Humphreys”,”Poster”,”2013″],[“UAV Integration: Privacy and Security Hurdles“,”T. Humphreys”,”Presentation”,”2013″],[“Extreme GPS: Limits of Security & Precision“,”T. Humphreys”,”Presentation”,”2013″],[“Secure Navigation and Timing“,”T. Humphreys”,”Presentation”,”2012″],[“Future Directions in GNSS Research“,”T. Humphreys”,”Presentation”,”2012″],[“Initial GPS scintillation results from CASES receiver at South Pole, Antarctica“,”K.B. Deshpande, G. S. Bust, C. R. Clauer, H. Kim, J. E. Macon, T. E. Humphreys, J. A. Bhatti, S. B. Musko, G. Crowley, and A. T. Weatherwax”,”Journal Paper”,”2012″],[“Evaluation of the Vulnerability of Phasor Measurement Units to GPS Spoofing Attacks“,”D.P. Shepard, T.E. Humphreys, A.A. Fansler”,”Journal Paper”,”2012″],[“Position Paper: Secure Time Transfer for CPS“,”K.D. Wesson, T.E. Humphreys, and B.L. Evans”,”White Paper”,”2012″],[“Probabilistic Secure Time Transfer: Challenges and Opportunities in a Sub-Millisecond World“,”K. Wesson, T. Humphreys, B. Evans”,”Presentation”,”2012″],[“Statement on Privacy Issues Related to the Domestic Use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles“,”T. Humphreys”,”Testimony”,”2012″],[“The Texas Spoofing Test Battery: Toward a Standard for Evaluating GPS Signal Authentication Techniques“,”T.E. Humphreys, J.A. Bhatti, D.P. Shepard, and K.D. Wesson”,”Conference Paper”,”2012″],[“Observability and Estimability of Collaborative Opportunistic Navigation with Pseudorange Measurements“,”Z.M. Kassas and T.E. Humphreys”,”Conference Paper”,”2012″],[“Evaluation of Smart Grid and Civilian UAV Vulnerability to GPS Spoofing Attacks“,”D.P. Shepard, J.A. Bhatti, T.E. Humphreys, A.A. Fansler”,”Conference Paper”,”2012″],[“Precise Augmented Reality Enabled by Carrier-Phase Differential GPS“,”D.P. Shepard, K.M. Pesyna, and T.E. Humphreys”,”Conference Paper”,”2012″],[“Practical Cryptographic Civil GPS Signal Authentication“,”Wesson, K., M. Rothlisberger, and T. E. Humphreys”,”Journal Paper”,”2012″],[“Going Up Against Time: The Power Grid\u0092s Vulnerability to GPS Spoofing Attacks“,”D.P. Shepard, T.E. Humphreys, and A.Fansler”,”Trade Magazine Article”,”2012″],[“Drone Hack: Spoofing Attack Demonstration on a Civilian Unmanned Aerial Vehicle“,”D.P. Shepard, J.A. Bhatti, and T.E. Humphreys”,”Trade Magazine Article”,”2012″],[“Secure Civil Navigation and Timing“,”T. Humphreys”,”Presentation”,”2012″],[“Statement on the Vulnerability of Civil Unmanned Aerial Vehicles and Other Systems to Civil GPS Spoofing“,”T. Humphreys”,”Testimony”,”2012″],[“Observability Analysis of Opportunistic Navigation with Pseudorange Measurements“,”Z.M. Kassas and T.E. Humphreys”,”Conference Paper”,”2012″],[“Constructing a Continuous Phase Time History from TDMA Signals for Opportunistic Navigation“,”K.M. Pesyna Jr., \u00a0Z.M. Kassas, T.E. Humphreys”,”Conference Paper”,”2012″],[“Development and Demonstration of a TDOA-Based GNSS Interference Signal Localization System“,”J.A. Bhatti, T.E. Humphreys, and B.M. Ledvina”,”Conference Paper”,”2012″],[“Collaborative Opportunistic Navigation“,”Z. Kassas, K. Pesyna, T. Humphreys”,”Poster”,”2012″],[“The GPS Dot and Its Discontents: Privacy vs. GNSS Integrity“,”T.E. Humphreys”,”Trade Magazine Article”,”2012″],[“Evaluation of the Vulnerability of\u00a0Phasor Measurement Units to GPS\u00a0Spoofing Attacks“,”D.P. Shepard, T.E. Humphreys, and A.A. Fansler”,”Conference Paper”,”2012″],[“Development and Testing of a Minaturized, Dual-Frequency GPS Receiver for Space Applications“,”Joplin, A.J., E.G. Lightsey, T.E. Humphreys”,”Conference Paper”,”2012″],[“Straight Talk on Anti-Spoofing: Securing the Future of PNT“,”Wesson, K., D. Shepard, and T. Humphreys”,”Trade Magazine Article”,”2012″],[“Know Your Enemy: Signal Characteristics of Civil GPS Jammers“,”Mitch, R.H., R.C. Dougherty, M.L. Psiaki, S.P. Powell, B.W. O\u0092Hanlon, J.A. Bhatti, and T.E. Humphreys”,”Trade Magazine Article”,”2012″],[“Development and Testing of a Miniaturized, Dual-Frequency, Software-Defined GPS Receiver for Space Applications“,”Joplin, A.J.”,”Masters Thesis”,”2011″],[“A Collection of Observations and Advice on University Teaching“,”T.E. Humphreys”,”White Paper”,”2011″],[“Radionavigation Robustness and Security“,”T. Humphreys”,”Presentation”,”2011″],[“CubeSat-Sized GNSS Radio Occultation Experiments“,”T. Humphreys”,”Presentation”,”2011″],[“GPS-assisted Femtocell Synchronization and Localization Through Tightly-Coupled Opportunistic Navigation“,”K. Pesyna, K. Wesson, R. Heath, T. Humphreys”,”Poster”,”2011″],[“Tightly-Coupled Opportunistic Navigation for Deep Urban and Indoor Positioning“,”Pesyna, Jr., K.M., Z.M. Kassas, J.A. Bhatti, and T.E. Humphreys”,”Conference Paper”,”2011″],[“Tightly-Coupled Opportunistic Navigation for Deep Urban and Indoor Positioning“,”Z. Kassas, K. Pesyna, J. Bhatti, T. Humphreys”,”Poster”,”2011″],[“Characterization of Receiver Response to Spoofing Attacks“,”Shepard, D.P. and T.E. Humphreys”,”Conference Paper”,”2011″],[“An Evaluation of the Vestigial Signal Defense for Civil GPS Anti-Spoofing“,”Wesson, K.D., D.P. Shepard, J.A. Bhatti, and T.E. Humphreys”,”Conference Paper”,”2011″],[“A Proposed Navigation Message Authentication Implementation for Civil GPS Anti-Spoofing“,”Wesson, K.D., M.P. Rothlisberger, and T.E. Humphreys”,”Conference Paper”,”2011″],[“Civilian GPS Spoofing Detection based on Dual-Receiver Correlation of Military Signals“,”Psiaki, M.L., B.W. O’Hanlon, J.A. Bhatti, D.P. Shepard, T.E. Humphreys”,”Conference Paper”,”2011″],[“Signal Characteristics of Civil GPS Jammers“,”Mitch, R.H., R.C. Dougherty, M.L. Psiaki, S.P. Powell, B.W. O’Hanlon, J.A. Bhatti, and T.E. Humphreys”,”Conference Paper”,”2011″],[“CASES: A Smart, Compact GPS Software Receiver for Space Weather Monitoring“,”O’Hanlon, B.W., M.L. Psiaki, S. Powell, J.A. Bhatti, T.E. Humphreys, G. Crowley, G.S. Bust”,”Conference Paper”,”2011″],[“CASES: A Novel Low-Cost Ground-based Dual-Frequency GPS Software Receiver and Space Weather Monitor“,”Crowley, G., G.S. Bust, A.Reynolds, I.Azeem, R.Wilder, B.W. O\u0092Hanlon, M.L. Psiaki, S.Powell, T.E. Humphreys, and J.A. Bhatti”,”Conference Paper”,”2011″],[“Extending the Reach of GPS-assisted Femtocell Synchronization and Localization Through Tightly-Coupled Opportunistic Navigation“,”Pesyna, Jr., K. M., K. D. Wesson, R. W. Heath, Jr., T. E. Humphreys”,”Conference Paper”,”2011″],[“GPS Spoofing and the Financial Sector“,”Humphreys, T.E.”,”White Paper”,”2011″],[“Characterization of Receiver Response to Spoofing Attacks“,”D. Shepard”,”Undergraduate Honors Thesis”,”2011″],[“State of the Art and Future Trends in Radionavigation“,”T. Humphreys”,”Presentation”,”2011″],[“Indoor GPS: Tightly Coupled Opportunistic Navigation“,”K. Pesyna, K. Wesson, J. Bhatti, T. Humphreys”,”Poster”,”2010″],[“GPS Spoofing Detection System“,”M. Psiaki, B. O’Hanlon, T. Humphreys, J. Bhatti”,”Poster”,”2010″],[“Spoofing the Timing Signal: What Else is Vulnerable?“,”T. Humphreys”,”Presentation”,”2010″],[“The GPS Assimilator: a Method for Upgrading Existing GPS User Equipment to Improve Accuracy, Robustness, and Resistance to Spoofing“,”Humphreys, T.E., J.A. Bhatti, B.M. Ledvina”,”Conference Paper”,”2010″],[“Opportunistic Frequency Stability Transfer for Extending the Coherence Time of GNSS Receiver Clocks“,”Wesson, K.D., K.M. Pesyna, Jr., J.A. Bhatti, T.E. Humphreys”,”Conference Paper”,”2010″],[“Advances in GNSS Equipment“,”T. Humphreys”,”Presentation”,”2010″],[“GNSS Assimilator: A method for upgrading existing GNSS user equipment to improve accuracy, robustness, and resistance to spoofing“,”Humphreys, T.E., B.M. Ledvina”,”Trade Magazine Article”,”2010″],[“Frontiers in Radionavigation“,”T. Humphreys”,”Presentation”,”2010″],[“Radionavigation Integrity“,”T. Humphreys”,”Presentation”,”2010″],[“Riding out the rough spots: Scintillation-robust GNSS carrier tracking“,”T. Humphreys”,”Presentation”,”2010″],[“A data-driven testbed for evaluating GPS carrier tracking loops in ionospheric scintillation“,”Humphreys, T.E., M.L. Psiaki, B.M. Ledvina, A.P. Cerruti, and P.M. Kintner, Jr.”,”Journal Paper”,”2010″],[“Modeling the effects of ionospheric scintillation on GPS carrier phase tracking“,”Humphreys, T.E., M.L. Psiaki, and P.M. Kintner, Jr.”,”Journal Paper”,”2010″],[“Development and Field Testing of a DSP-Based Dual-Frequency Software GPS Receiver“,”O\u0092Hanlon, B.W., M.L. Psiaki, P.M. Kintner, Jr., T.E. Humphreys”,”Conference Paper”,”2009″],[“Receiver-Autonomous Spoofing Detection: Experimental Results of a Multi-antenna Receiver Defense Against a Portable Civil GPS Spoofer“,”Montgomery, P.Y., T.E. Humphreys, and B.M. Ledvina”,”Conference Paper”,”2009″],[“Assessing the Civil GPS Spoofing Threat“,”T. Humphreys, J. Bhatti, B. Ledvina, M. Psiaki, B. O’Hanlon, P. Kintner, P. Montgomery”,”Presentation”,”2009″],[“Exploiting Multicore Technology in Software-Defined GNSS Receivers“,”Humphreys, T.E., J.A. Bhatti, T. Pany, B.M. Ledvina, B.W. O\u0092Hanlon”,”Journal Paper”,””],[“Simulating Ionosphere-Induced Scintillation for Testing GPS Receiver Phase Tracking Loops“,”Humphreys, T.E., M.L. Psiaki, J.C. Hinks, B.W. O\u0092Hanlon and P.M. Kintner, Jr.”,”Journal Paper”,”2009″],[“A Multi-Antenna Defense: Receiver-Autonomous GPS Spoofing Detection“,”Montgomery, P.Y., T.E. Humphreys, B.M. Ledvina”,”Trade Magazine Article”,”2009″],[“GNSS and Ionospheric Scintillation: How to Survive the Next Solar Maximum“,”Kintner, Jr., P.M., T.E. Humphreys, J. Hinks”,”Trade Magazine Article”,”2009″],[“Evaluating GPS Receiver Robustness to Ionospheric Scintillation“,”Hinks, J.C., T.E. Humphreys, B.W. O’Hanlon, M.L. Psiaki, P.M. Kintner, Jr.”,”Conference Paper”,”2008″],[“Assessing the Spoofing Threat: Development of a Portable GPS Civilian Spoofer“,”Humphreys, T.E., B.M. Ledvina, M.L. Psiaki, B.W. O’Hanlon, P.M Kintner, Jr.”,”Conference Paper”,”2008″],[“Considerations for Future IGS Receivers“,”Humphreys, T.E., L. Young, T. Pany”,”Conference Paper”,”2008″],[“A Technique for Determining the Carrier Phase Differences between Independent GPS Receivers during Scintillation“,”Mohuiddin, S., T.E. Humphreys, M.L. Psiaki”,”Conference Paper”,”2007″],[“Searching for Galileo“,”Psiaki, M.L., T.E. Humphreys, S. Mohiuddin, S.P. Powell, A.P. Cerruti, and P.M. Kintner, Jr.”,”Conference Paper”,”2006″],[“GNSS Receiver Implementation on a DSP: Status, Challenges, and Prospects“,”Humphreys, T.E., M.L. Psiaki, P.M. Kintner, Jr., B.M. Ledvina”,”Conference Paper”,”2006″],[“The Semidiurnal Variation in GPS-derived Zenith Neutral Delay“,”Humphreys, T.E., Kelly, M.C., Huber, N., Kintner, Jr., P.M.”,”Journal Paper”,”2005″],[“GPS Carrier Tracking Loop Performance in the presence of Ionospheric Scintillations“,”Humphreys, T.E., M.L. Psiaki, P.M. Kintner, Jr., B.M. Ledvina”,”Conference Paper”,”2005″],[“Magnetometer-based Attitude and Rate Estimation for a Spacecraft with Wire Booms“,”T.E. Humphreys, M.L. Psiaki, E.M. Klatt, S.P. Powell, P.M. Kintner, Jr.”,”Journal Paper”,”2005″]]

Video by YouTube channel GNSS-R Musings uses findings from “First results from three years of GNSS Interference Monitoring from Low Earth Orbit”

November 2021: Youtube channel GNSS-R Musings published a video looking more in depth at her RFI observations in Lybia during 2019. While looking into the reason why her observations did not line up with SMAP observations, she found our paper “First results from three years of GNSS Interference Monitoring from Low Earth Orbit” which she talked more about in her video here .

RNL Alumni Wins Prestigious Parkinson Award

October 2021: RNL alumnus Dr. Lakshay Narula (PhD, 2020) won the Bradford W. Parkinson Award, recognizing an outstanding graduate student in the field of Position, Navigation, Timing (PNT) and/or Applications. Lakshay Narula’s Ph.D. dissertation is a substantial and foundational contribution to the PNT community. It makes four primary contributions, one of which has already been favorably recognized by the ION community: his work in all-weather precise positioning for automated vehicles, published at the ION PLANS 2020 conference, was awarded the Walter Fried award — the conference’s highest honor — for its technical depth and potential impact. As fully developed in his dissertation, this work offers both novel theory and a fully-functional experimental pipeline with impressive field-test results.

The announcement can be found here.

“Grandfather of the RNL” Wins Kepler Award

October 2021: Dr. Mark Psiaki won the 2021 Institute of Navigation (ION) Kepler Award, the highest award in the navigation community. The Kepler Award is awarded annually to honor an individual for sustained and significant contributions to the development of satellite navigation during their lifetime (can be thought as the navigation “hall of fame”). Dr. Psiaki set a standard of rigor, clarity, and thoroughness in addressing key estimation and signal processing problems in PNT. Dr. Psiaki was RNL director Todd Humphreys’s Ph.D. advisor at Cornell.

The full announcement can be accessed here.

Dr. Humphreys presents on Resilient and Robust PNT at the Joint Navigation Conference

October 2021: Dr. Todd Humphreys presented on Resilient and Robust PNT at the Joint Navigation Conference, saying we need “backups on backups on backups.” Within this talk, he discussed GNSS vulnerabilities and threats as well as defense mechanisms. He included real-world examples such as: spoofing an iPhone, UAV, and super-yacht, “crop circles” in China, and pin-pointing sources of interference from Low Earth Orbit.

The full set of slides can be found here.

RNL Director and RNL Alumnus Featured in New PNT Textbook

September 2021: Authors of new PNT textbook: Position, Navigation, and Timing Technologies in the 21st Century: Integrated Satellite Navigation, Sensor Systems, and Civil Applications, met in-person at the ION GNSS+ conference. The textbook covers the latest developments in PNT technologies, including integrated satellite navigation, sensor systems, and civil applications and features RNL director Todd Humphrey, RNL alumnus Zak Kassas, and RNL “grandfather” Mark Psiaki.

The full list of authors included in the picture are: James Farrell (ch. 46), Sabrina Ugazio (ch. 10), Benjamin Ashman (ch. 22), Brad Parkinson (ch. 1), John Betz (cc. 2, 3), Mark Psiaki (ch. 25), John Raquet (cc. 35, 48, 50), Todd Humphreys (ch. 25), Charles Toth (ch. 51), Zak Kassas (cc. 38, 43). Bottom row, left to right: Boris Pervan (ch. 12), Mathieu Joerger (cc. 23, 60), Todd Walter (cc 13, 43, 64), Frank van Diggelen (cc. 1, 17, 18)

The book can be found here.

FAA Investigating Use of Cellular Signals for GPS Spoofing Detection

September 2021: The FAA authorized the MITRE Corporation to perform a series of tests that used commercial smartphones inside of aircraft as a method to detect GPS spoofing. These tests involved a feature of wireless cellular networks called Timing Advance that is available through standard 4G and 5G wireless networks operated by AT&T, T-Mobile and Verizon. A range estimate can be deduced from the basestations, which serves as a check for the GPS solution. GNSS spoofing expert Dr. Humphreys mentions that this technology is what he would hope the FAA would look at, as it could be an effective way to detect spoofing at a cheap cost.

The full article can be found here.

Dr. Humphreys Interviewed in NPR Segment about AIS Spoofing

August 2021: Dr. Todd Humphreys was featured in NPR’s Weekend Edition Saturday. The segment focused on AIS spoofing in the Black Sea, specifically the contested waters of Russian-occupied Crimea. U.S. and European naval vessels tend to be the primary victims, however, there are Russian vessels spoofed in the same manner. Dr. Humphreys suggests that Russia could be behind this and that they’re spoofing their own ships in part to throw off suspicion. But it’s also possible that this is some third party.

The full NPR segment (including transcript) can be found here.

AIS Spoofing in Contested Waters – Warships Target of Disinformation

July 2021: Over 100 warships from at least 14 European countries, Russia, and the United States appear to have had their AIS location spoofed since August 2020. Amongst these unlucky warships, some of the spoofed tracks show the warships approaching contested areas, such as, foreign naval bases or intruding into disputed waters. These activities could escalate tension in hot spots like the Black Sea and the Baltic. Dr. Humphreys comments, “While I can’t say for sure who’s doing this, the data fits a pattern of disinformation that our Russian friends are wont to engage in.” He also says AIS could be more secure by adding digital signatures to each message.

The full Wired article can be accessed here.

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